#ifndef SMARTPTR_H
#define SMARTPTR_H

#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <stdexcept>

/**
 * Simple shared pointer class with NO thread safety (not even the counter is thread-safe)
 */
template <typename T>
class SmartPtr
{
    //Rule 1: tracker is always NULL when ptr == NULL
    //Rule 2: ID is only assigned in constructors

    typedef std::map<unsigned long,SmartPtr<T>*> IDMap;
    typedef std::pair<unsigned long,SmartPtr<T>*> IDPair;

    T* ptr;
    IDMap *tracker; //track pointers to same object
    unsigned long ID;
    static unsigned long __IDCounter;

public:
    typedef T element_type;
    SmartPtr(const SmartPtr& other);
    SmartPtr<T>& operator=(const SmartPtr& other);
    SmartPtr(T* new_ptr = NULL);
    T& operator*();
    const T& operator*() const;
    ~SmartPtr();
    unsigned long use_count() const;
    operator bool();
    T* get();
    const T* const get() const;
    T* release();
    void reset(T* new_ptr = NULL);
    inline bool isNull();
    template <template <typename _T, typename = std::allocator<_T> > class Container>
    static Container<T*> GetRawPtrContainer(const Container<SmartPtr<T> >& input_container);
};

template <typename T>
unsigned long SmartPtr<T>::__IDCounter = 0;


template<typename T>
template <template <typename _T, typename = std::allocator<_T> > class Container>
Container<T*> SmartPtr<T>::GetRawPtrContainer(const Container<SmartPtr<T> >& input_container)
{
    Container<T*> container;
    for(typename Container<SmartPtr<T> >::const_iterator it = input_container.begin();
        it != input_container.end();
        it++)
    {
        container.push_back(it->ptr);
    }
    return container;
}

template<typename T>
SmartPtr<T>::SmartPtr(const SmartPtr &other)
{
    this->tracker = other.tracker;
    this->ptr = other.ptr;
    this->ID = __IDCounter++;
    if(!isNull())
        tracker->insert(IDPair(ID,this));
}

template<typename T>
SmartPtr<T> &SmartPtr<T>::operator=(const SmartPtr &other)
{
    this->tracker = other.tracker;
    this->ptr = other.ptr;
    this->ID = __IDCounter++;
    if(!isNull())
        tracker->insert(IDPair(ID,this));
    return *this;
}

template<typename T>
SmartPtr<T>::SmartPtr(T *new_ptr)
{
    ptr = NULL;
    tracker = NULL;
    ID = __IDCounter++;
    reset(new_ptr);
}

template<typename T>
T& SmartPtr<T>::operator*()
{
    if(this->get() != NULL)
        return *this->get();
    else
        throw std::runtime_error("Null pointer exception. Tried to dereference a NULL in SmartPtr");
}

template<typename T>
const T& SmartPtr<T>::operator*() const
{
    if(this->get() != NULL)
        return *this->get();
    else
        throw std::runtime_error("Null pointer exception. Tried to dereference a NULL in SmartPtr");
}

template<typename T>
SmartPtr<T>::~SmartPtr()
{
    reset();
}

template<typename T>
unsigned long SmartPtr<T>::use_count() const
{
    if(isNull())
        return 0;
    else
        return tracker->size();
}

template<typename T>
SmartPtr<T>::operator bool()
{
    return !isNull();
}

template<typename T>
T *SmartPtr<T>::get()
{
    return ptr;
}

template<typename T>
const T * const SmartPtr<T>::get() const
{
    return ptr;
}

template<typename T>
T *SmartPtr<T>::release()
{
    T* ret_ptr = ptr;
    if(!isNull()) {
        IDMap* trackerHolder = tracker;
        for(typename IDMap::iterator it = trackerHolder->begin(); it != trackerHolder->end(); it++)
        {
            it->second->ptr = NULL;
            it->second->tracker = NULL;
        }
        delete trackerHolder;
    }
    return ret_ptr;
}

template<typename T>
void SmartPtr<T>::reset(T *new_ptr) {
    if(!isNull())
    {
        //ptr and tracker are not NULL, guaranteed
        if(tracker->size() == 1) //this is the last reference
        {
            delete ptr;
            ptr = NULL;
            delete tracker;
            tracker = NULL;
        }
        else
        {
            tracker->erase(ID);
            if(new_ptr != NULL)
            {
                tracker = new IDMap;
                tracker->insert(IDPair(ID,this));
            }
            else
            {
                tracker = NULL;
                ptr = NULL;
            }
        }
    }
    else //if this is NULL
    {
        if(new_ptr != NULL)
        {
            if(tracker == NULL) {
                tracker = new IDMap;
                tracker->insert(IDPair(ID,this));
                ptr = new_ptr;
            }
        }
    }
}

template<typename T>
bool SmartPtr<T>::isNull()
{
    return (ptr == NULL);
}

#endif // SMARTPTR_H